Economics: The Open-Access, Open Assessment E-Journal http://www.economics-ejournal.org en Roger Bjørnstad Ragnar Nymoen The New Keynesian Phillips Curve Tested on OECD Panel Data 2008-02-11 In their work, Galí, Gertler and Lopez-Salido, GGL, assert that the hybrid New Keynesian Phillips curve (NPC) with dominance of forward-looking behavior and real marginal costs is robust to choices of estimation procedure, details of variables definitions and choice of data samples. In an estimation on panel data from OECD countries we replicate the typical empirical NPC from country studies. However, we also test an alternative economic interpretation of the empirical correlations. Specifically we find that the expected rate of future inflation and real marginal costs serve as replacements for equilibrium correction terms that are implied by the general imperfect competition model of wage and price setting. As a explanatory model of OECD inflation, the NPC is encompassed by an existing theory. Paper submitted to the special issue " Using Econometrics for Assessing Economic Models " edited by Katarina Juselius. http://www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/discussionpapers/2008-4 JEL C23 JEL C52 JEL E12 JEL E31